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Publication Urban Development and Urban Policy in Germany. An Overview
This report provides an overview of the wide range of tasks facing urban development and urban policy in Germany. Cities and towns do not develop in an unregulated way in Germany. They are not just a product of freely operating market forces. They reflect societal developments and are thus the result of weighing up public and private interests, which follow the planning principle of sustainable urban construction development. Politics and administration, associations and political parties, private entrepreneurs and citizens influence the shaping of towns and cities.
The report was produced during the preparation for Urban 21, the Global Conference on the Urban Future, which will take place in July 2000 in Berlin. The report is aimed at providing the international specialist community with compact, but comprehensive information on urban development and urban policy in Germany. At the same time it is aimed at "interested amateurs" in Germany, who do not examine this issue every day. It was therefore necessary in many places to consciously simplify and shorten it. This report is designed to convey the "rules of the game" of urban development and urban policy in Germany in a way that is comprehensible to everyone.
The report aims to show how these policies are integrated into the federal system of Germany, who is responsible for the development of the towns and cities, which statutory and promotion instruments are available. The report intends to show the change in urban development and urban construction since the Second World War. Until 1990, before German reunification, two different social and economic systems shaped urban development and urban policy in the West and the East of Germany. Even today different requirements and conditions can be derived from this former split. The report deals with selected tasks, which today do not only arise in the old "Länder" but also in the new "Länder". The final part provides a brief overview of future challenges for urban development and urban construction.
The report was drawn up by a working group in the Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning, a Federal authority within the portfolio of the Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Housing, which supports and gives scientific advice to the Federal Government in fulfilling its tasks in the area of urban construction, spatial planning, housing and in fundamental building questions.
Content
Introduction
1. Urban Development and Urban Policy in the Federal State
1.1 Levels of Spatial Planning
1.2 Communal Self-Government
1.3 General Tasks of the Municipalities
1.4 Financing the Communal Tasks
1.5 Urban Development and Urban Policy as a Municipal Task
2. Actors of Urban Development
2.1 Communal Councils and Administrations
2.2 Private Actors
2.3 Media and Civic Groups
2.4 Co-operation of Actors on a Local Level
2.5 Actors on a Subregional Level
3. Formal and Informal Instruments of Urban Planning
3.1 Urban Land-Use Planning
3.2 Safeguarding and Implementation of Plans
3.3 Urban Development and Renewal
3.4 Informal Instruments
4. Urban Development and Urban Police Undergoing Change
4.1 Reconstruction in the 1950s
4.2 Urban Expansion in the 1960s
4.3 Urban Renewal in the 1970s
4.4 Urban Reconstruction in the 1980s
4.5 Multi-Facetted Urban Development in the 1990s
5. Selected Tasks of Urban Development and Urban Policy
5.1 Development of Inner-Cities and Urban-District Centres
5.2 Urban Renewal in Inner-City Districts with Old Buildings
5.3 Urban Reconstruction on Brownfields
5.4 Further Development of the Large Housing Estates
5.5 Development of New Urban Districts
5.6 New Shopping Centres and Large Leisure Facilities
5.7 Creation of Urban-Compatible Transport
5.8 Securing and Developing Open Areas and Non-Built-Up Areas
6. Future Challenges for Urban Development and Urban Policy
Bibliography
Selected authorities and institutions in Germany dealing with urban development and urban policy
Terms of Delivery
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